Вестник Чувашского государственного педагогического университета им. И. Я. Яковлева

Abstract

The Russian abstract should contain 9–15 sentences (at least 200–250 words). It may be structured as: object of study, aim, methods and approaches used, and main results. The abstract must be informative, reflect the main content of the article and the research results, follow the logic of their presentation and contain no general phrases. Formulas are not allowed in the abstract, and references and abbreviations should be avoided where possible.

English-language abstract

For international scholars the English abstract is the principal source of information about the content of the article and its results, so it must be self-contained and understandable without reference to the full text. The English abstract must be original — not a literal translation of the Russian one — and written in good English; it should not exceed 250 words. It is recommended to: state the main objective(s) of the study; briefly explain how the study was done, without methodological detail; and summarise the most important results and their significance. Citations and abbreviations should be avoided where possible.

Keywords

A list of keywords and key phrases is provided in both Russian and English and contains from 3 to 15 items. The keywords should reflect the subject area and the main content of the article.