hole, plane, anisotropy, elastic-plastic state.

The elastic-plastic position of a plane made of an anisotropic material in which there is an elliptical hole is considered. Anisotropy is the ability of a crystal to express various qualities in different di-rections. The presence of this quality in its simplest form is expressed only in single crystals. In polycrystals, the anisotropy of the body is mainly (macroscopically) capable of not being expressed in any way due to the disorderly orientation of microcrystals, or does not manifest itself at all, ex-cept in special cases. With an ordered arrangement of chemical particles, the interaction forces be-tween them and the interatomic distances are not the same, and this is the reason for the anisotropy of crystals. It may also be the asymmetry of its molecules. The disparity is macroscopically mani-fested, only not by the symmetry of the crystal structure. The activity is explained by the influence of anisotropy on the stress-strain state of various structures and bodies.

Mironov Boris Gurjevich, Dr. of Sci. Phys. & Math., Professor, Russian University of transport, Moscow, Russia.

Nikitin Andrej Vitaljevich, Candidate of Sci. Phys. & Math., Associate Professor, Cheboksary Institute (f) of Moscow Polytechnic University, Cheboksary, Russia.